An Analysis of Social Factors Influencing Greenwashing

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

Department of Sociology and Social Planning, Faculty of Economics, Management and Social Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

چکیده

Greenwashing is one of the emerging social harms in industry and companies, which can be considered a form of organizational hypocrisy and dissemination of misleading information to deceive citizens; in other words, greenwashing is the instrumental use of the concept of environmental protection with the aim of gaining economic profit.
The purpose of this study is to identify and sociologically analyze the social factors influencing greenwashing, employing the Grey DEMATEL technique to determine the causal and interactive relationships among these factors. The statistical population of the study includes professors of the faculty of economics, management, and social sciences of Shiraz University. The sampling method was purposive sampling and the sample size was determined to be 12 people. Data were collected using library research methods and the questionnaire instrument.
The results of the analysis using the Grey DEMATEL technique showed that the variables of social stress, social isolation, feeling of social insecurity, and decreased social participation had the greatest impact on greenwashing. It was also found that the variables of social distrust, physical and psychological risks, environmental risks, and reduced organizational creativity received the greatest impact from the greenwashing variable. In addition, in terms of importance, the variables of social distrust with a value of 6.52, physical and psychological risks with a value of 6.38, environmental risks with a value of 6.12, decreased organizational creativity with a value of 5.97, and decreased social participation with a value of 5.80 have the most importance.
By reinforcing distrust and increasing social stress, greenwashing negatively affects both the mental and physical health of individuals and weakens the dynamism and efficiency of organizations, ultimately creating an obstacle to achieving sustainable development

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

An Analysis of Social Factors Influencing Greenwashing

نویسندگان [English]

  • Roghayeh Khosravi
  • Shahrokh Eftekhari
Department of Sociology and Social Planning, Faculty of Economics, Management and Social Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Greenwashing is one of the emerging social harms in industry and companies, which can be considered a form of organizational hypocrisy and dissemination of misleading information to deceive citizens; in other words, greenwashing is the instrumental use of the concept of environmental protection with the aim of gaining economic profit.
The purpose of this study is to identify and sociologically analyze the social factors influencing greenwashing, employing the Grey DEMATEL technique to determine the causal and interactive relationships among these factors. The statistical population of the study includes professors of the faculty of economics, management, and social sciences of Shiraz University. The sampling method was purposive sampling and the sample size was determined to be 12 people. Data were collected using library research methods and the questionnaire instrument.
The results of the analysis using the Grey DEMATEL technique showed that the variables of social stress, social isolation, feeling of social insecurity, and decreased social participation had the greatest impact on greenwashing. It was also found that the variables of social distrust, physical and psychological risks, environmental risks, and reduced organizational creativity received the greatest impact from the greenwashing variable. In addition, in terms of importance, the variables of social distrust with a value of 6.52, physical and psychological risks with a value of 6.38, environmental risks with a value of 6.12, decreased organizational creativity with a value of 5.97, and decreased social participation with a value of 5.80 have the most importance.
By reinforcing distrust and increasing social stress, greenwashing negatively affects both the mental and physical health of individuals and weakens the dynamism and efficiency of organizations, ultimately creating an obstacle to achieving sustainable development

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environment
  • Social Factors
  • Greenwashing
  • Corporation
  • Grey DEMATEL
References
Shojaei, p. , nikbakht, a. And khalilipour, h. (2023). Analysis of the factors affecting job plateaus in electric power distribution companies: a grey-based dematel approach. Organizational behaviour studies quarterly, 12(1), 31-64.https://obs.sinaweb.net/article_706466.html
Salehi, s. And hemaiatkhah jahromi, m. (2013). Comparative analysis of environmental values between islam and west world (secondary analysis of world values survey). Quarterly of social studies and research in iran, 2(3), 505-523.doi: 10.22059/jisr.2013.51662
Daneshmehr, h. , ahmadrash, r. And karimi, a. (2019). Perceptional understanding by local elites and people around the zab river’s water transfer to urumieh lake. Quarterly of social studies and research in iran, 8(1), 1-32.doi: 10.22059/jisr.2019.260880
Haji hassani, v., rangriz, h., & haji karimi, b. (2022). Developing a corporate social responsibility (csr) model in a competitive environment based on improving labor productivity in the food industry. Journal name, 16(3), 251–275. Https://doi.org/10.30495/jsm.2021.1921446.1437
Amin-tahmasbi, h. And hami, m. (2019). Investigating the factors affecting the performance of industrial clusters in guilan province using gray dematel. Quarterly journal of industrial technology development, 17(35), 73-86. Https://dor.isc.ac/dor/20.1001.1.26765403.1398.17.35.6.7
Shojaei, p., haqbin, a., & amin, m. (2023). Barriers to the implementation of the unido’s program for export consortia: a case study of the iranian handmade carpet industry. Journal of modelling in management, 18(3), 659-685. Https://doi.org/10.1108/jm2-12-2020-0318
Isac, n., javed, a., radulescu, m., cismasu, i. D. L., yousaf, z., & serbu, r. S. (2024). Is greenwashing impacting on green brand trust and purchase intentions? Mediating role of environmental knowledge. Environment, development and sustainability, 1-18. Https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-023-04352-0
Tetrevova, l., kotkova striteska, m., kuba, o., prakash, v., & prokop, v. (2025). When trust and distrust come into play: how green concern, scepticism and communication affect customers' behaviour?. Business strategy and the environment. Https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.4144
Liu, b., li, c., & zhong, y. (2025). Challenging to change? Examining the link between public participation and greenwashing based on organizational inertia. Sustainability, 17(3), 1229. Https://doi.org/10.3390/su17031229
Pinheiro, a. B., ramanho, a. L. D. O. S., & carraro, w. B. W. H. (2025). Road to glory or highway to hell? Uncovering the consequences of corporate greenwashing in latin america. Management research review. Https://doi.org/10.1108/mrr-07-2024-0545
Sun, y., & shi, b. (2022). Impact of greenwashing perception on consumers’ green purchasing intentions: a moderated mediation model. Sustainability, 14(19), 12119. Https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912119
Amin-tahmasbi, h. And hami, m. (2019). Investigating the factors affecting the performance of industrial clusters in guilan province using gray dematel. Quarterly journal of industrial technology development, 17(35), 73-86. 20.1001.1.26765403.1398.17.35.6.7
Bernini, f., giuliani, m., & la rosa, f. (2023). Measuring greenwashing: a systematic methodological literature review. Business ethics, the environment & responsibility. Https://doi.org/10.1111/beer.12631
Bernini, f., & la rosa, f. (2024). Research in the greenwashing field: concepts, theories, and potential impacts on economic and social value. Journal of management and governance, 28(2), 405-444. Https://doi.org/10.1007/s10997-023-09686-5
Braga, s., martínez, m. P., correa, c. M., moura-leite, r. C., & da silva, d. (2019). Greenwashing effect, attitudes, and beliefs in green consumption. Rausp management journal, 54(2), 226-241. Https://doi.org/10.1007/s10997-023-09686-5
Chen, h., bernard, s., & rahman, i. (2019). Greenwashing in hotels: a structural model of trust and behavioral intentions. Journal of cleaner production, 206, 326-335.  10.1108/rausp-08-2018-0070
Correa, c., junior, s., & silva, d. (2017). The social control exerted by advertising: a study on the perception of greenwashing in green products at retail. British journal of education, society & behavioural science, 19(2), 1-9. Https://doi.org/10.9734/bjesbs/2017/29819
Dahl, f., & bakalarska, a. (2018). The complexity of consumer trust in sustainability communication. 10.30495/jsm.2022.1969014.1696
De freitas netto, s. V., sobral, m. F. F., ribeiro, a. R. B., & soares, g. R. D. L. (2020). Concepts and forms of greenwashing: a systematic review. Environmental sciences europe, 32(1), 1-12. Https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-020-0300-3
Delmas, m. A., & montes‐sancho, m. J. (2010). Voluntary agreements to improve environmental quality: symbolic and substantive cooperation. Strategic management journal, 31(6), 575-601. Https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.826
Du, x. (2015). How the market values greenwashing? Evidence from china. Journal of business ethics, 128, 547-574. Https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2122-y
Gräuler, m., & teuteberg, f. (2014). Greenwashing in online marketing-investigating trust-building factors influencinggreenwashing detection. In mkwi (pp. 1359-1366). Https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2312
Grimmer, m., & bingham, t. (2013). Company environmental performance and consumer purchase intentions. Journal of business research, 66(10), 1945-1953. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.02.017
Guo, r., tao, l., & gao, p. (2014). The research on greenwashing brands’ rebuilding strategies and mechanism of brand trust after biochemical and other pollutions. Biotechnology, 10(9), 3270-3279. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2018.04.001
Haidar, m. I. (2023). Does societal trust reduce greenwashing? International evidence. International evidence (september 6, 2023). Http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4959639
Hajihassani, v., rangriz, h., & hajikarimi, b. (2021). Prioritize development of corporate social responsibility in food industry based on the taxonomy method. Journal of system management, 7(1), 49-70. Https://sanad.iau.ir/journal/sjsm/article/681454?Jid=681454
Halverson, r. (2018). Consumer perceptions of greenwashing: understanding awareness, trust, and effectiveness. Bachelor thesis, school, location, month https://scholar.colorado.edu/concern/undergraduate_honors_theses/h415p987r
Jandaghi, m., & naderi beni, m. (2023). Presenting a paradigm model of green washing based on the grounded theory approach. Journal of system management, 9(2), 17-27. Https://doi.org/10.30495/jsm.2022.1971216.1697
Lyon, t. P., & maxwell, j. W. (2011). Greenwash: corporate environmental disclosure under threat of audit. Journal of economics & management strategy, 20(1), 3-41. Https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-9134.2010.00282.x
Mitchell, l., & ramey, w. (2011). Look how green i am! An individual-level explanation for greenwashing. Journal of applied business and economics, 12(6), 40-45.http://www.na-businesspress.com/jabe/mitchellweb12-6.pdf
Mu, h., & lee, y. (2023). Greenwashing in corporate social responsibility: a dual-faceted analysis of its impact on employee trust and identification. Sustainability, 15(22), 15693. Https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215693
Okanazu, o. O., & akele, f. E. (2021). Green cultural practices and sustainable business management. Ochendo: an african journal of innovative studies, 2(1).287-316. Https://www.researchgate.net/profile/kanu-ikechukwu/publication/356903507_african_eco-spirituality/links/61b202240c4bfb675178caec/african-eco-spirituality.pdf#page=301
Pearson, j. (2010). Are we doing the right thing? Leadership and prioritisation for public benefit. Journal of corporate citizenship, (37), 37-40. Https://doi.org/10.9774/gleaf.4700.2010.sp.00006
Policarpo, m. C., apaolaza, v., hartmann, p., paredes, m. R., & d'souza, c. (2023). Social cynicism, greenwashing, and trust in green clothing brands. International journal of consumer studies, 47(5), 1950-1961. Https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12971
Ruiz-blanco, s., romero, s., & fernandez-feijoo, b. (2022). Green, blue or black, but washing–what company characteristics determine greenwashing?. Environment, development and sustainability, 24(3), 4024-4045. Https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01602-x
Tahir, r., athar, m. R., & afzal, a. (2020). The impact of greenwashing practices on green employee behaviour: mediating role of employee value orientation and green psychological climate. Cogent business & management, 7(1), 1-15. Https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2020.1781996
Tahir, r., athar, m. R., & afzal, a. (2020). The impact of greenwashing practices on green employee behaviour: mediating role of employee value orientation and green psychological climate. Cogent business & management, 7(1), 1781996. Https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2020.1781996
Torelli, r., balluchi, f., & lazzini, a. (2020). Greenwashing and environmental communication: effects on stakeholders' perceptions. Business strategy and the environment, 29, 407-421. Https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2373
Walker, k., & wan, f. (2012). The harm of symbolic actions and green-washing: corporate actions and communications on environmental performance and their financial implications. Journal of business ethics, 109, 227-242. Https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-1122-4
Wang, d., walker, t., & barabanov, s. (2020). A psychological approach to regaining consumer trust after greenwashing: the case of chinese green consumers. Journal of consumer marketing, 37(6), 593-603. Https://doi.org/10.1108/jcm-06-2019-3257
Wang, z., & sarkis, j. (2017). Corporate social responsibility governance, outcomes, and financial performance. Journal of cleaner production, 162, 1607-1616. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.06.142
Yang, z., nguyen, t. T. H., nguyen, h. N., nguyen, t. T. N., & cao, t. T. (2020). Greenwashing behaviours: causes, taxonomy and consequences based on a systematic literature review. Journal of business economics and management, 21(5), 1486-1507. Https://doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2020.13225