نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
In recent decades the issue of generation and discussions related to biographical and life span analysis have become important in Iran, and various events are attributed to generational factors but the necessary distinctions and theoretical precision in this regard are lacking. In an attempt to clarify the concepts of this field, this article first reviews the history of biographical studies in the social sciences. Then, it introduces the paradigmatic principles and basic concepts of this field. Then, it outlines the importance of distinguishing three factors of "age", "cohort", and "Period" in biographical studies. Some of the characteristics of individuals are a consequence of their age, in which biology has a determining effect. However, the “cohort effect” means age differences that result from being born in different times and having different experiences, and the social factor is more decisive in it. The effect of “Period”, beyond the characteristics of individuals, affects the structure of the biography itself. "Period" means the shared social meanings that are common to everyone in any time period or the common ways of facing social events in a specific time period. Finally, the article deals with the developments of biography in the transition from the premodern to the modern era and then to the post-modern era. The third period has been called by different theoretical approaches with different names such as postmodern, late modernity, fluid modernity and neoliberalism. Finally, the article, focusing on the characteristics of the post-Keynesian era, explains and expands on the characteristics of biography in the third period and explains that the characteristics of the neoliberal era, including atomism, the decline of political community, the dominance of the narrative of success and competition, fluidity, university-centeredness and present-centeredness, have shaped today's biographies.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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