Educational decline in Peripheral Areas (Case study: high school students in Nikshahr, Sistan and Baluchestan province)

Introduction: One of the most important issues in marginal areas is the educational decline of students at different levels. A phenomenon that is a serious obstacle to achieving the higher goals of education. Therefore, the subject of the present study is "Factors affecting the educational decline of high school students in Nikshahr" in Sistan and Baluchestan province.
Method: The research method is survey and its statistical population is all male and female high school students in the city of Nikshahr in the academic year 2016-2017 who have had a history of renewal or rejection during the past five years. The sample size was calculated according to Cochran's formula, 138 people and sampling was done in multi-stage clusters.
Finding: Findings show that among the twelve variables studied, respectively, academic expenses, employment motivation, desire for success and the number of close friends of the student, had a significant relationship with educational decline, which for the first three variables this relationship is negative and for the fourth variable is positive. Other variables of this study such as gender, socio-economic status, cultural capital, students 'self-esteem, parents' attention to their children's education, parents 'strictness towards students, motivation to obtain a university degree and the number of family members, with students' educational decline did not have a significant relationship.
Conclusion: Findings of this study showed that some economic factors, some motivational factors and some interaction factors affect the educational decline of high school students in Nikshahr and also contrary to some theories and many previous researches, the relationship among some variables with educational decline were not approved. Therefore, in order to complete the work, it is better to do research on the effects of interactions within schools, educational content of textbooks, types of labeling in schools and social networks in different types and dimensions on students' educational progress and decline.According to the research findings, it is suggested more studies be done on the issue of educational decline in the region with other theoretical approaches and methods, especially qualitative and phenomenological researches. Also, based on the results of this study, it can be suggested to reduce academic failure in the region:  Through supportive institutions such as welfare and relief committees and with the help of charities, the necessary support should be provided to students' families to provide tuition fees and educational supplies and equipment. The necessary motivations for education and hope for the future in the course of daily life and education and in the form of overt and covert programs by parents and educators to be strengthened in students. Appropriate modeling of successful and educated students through attractive encouragement, reflection of successes as well as encouragement in real and virtual space and also providing participation of these students in school affairs and especially educational and reinforcement programs for less knowledgeable students must be done.